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Un problema de decisión en grupo se establece en entornos donde hay una cuestión común a solucionar, un conjunto de opciones posible a elegir, y un conjunto de individuos que son los expertos que expresan sus opiniones sobre el conjunto de alternativas posibles y que tienen la intención de alcanzar una decisión colectiva como solución única del problema en cuestión. Los problemas de decisión se dividen en dos grandes grupos: los que se basan en preferencias y los que se basan en similitud. La modelización de las preferencias del decisor constituye una etapa indispensable en la construcción de modelos utilizados en teoría de la decisión, investigación operativa, economía, etc. Uno de los aspectos a tener en cuenta al modelar las preferencias es el problema de la racionalidad, que se puede fundamentar en relaciones binarias o en funciones de elección. En los problemas de decisión los expertos utilizan modelos de representación de preferencias que les resulten cercanos a sus disciplinas o campos de trabajo. Se han definido diferentes mecanismos que permiten transformar las preferencias de los expertos en representaciones formales que admiten un tratamiento matemático, racional y consistente de dicha información. Las estructuras de información más utilizadas para la representación de las preferencias de los expertos son vectores de utilidad, órdenes de preferencia y relaciones de preferencia. En problemas de decisión, el dominio de expresión de preferencias es el dominio de información utilizado por los expertos para expresar sus preferencias, los principales son numérico, intervalar y lingüístico, destacándose el lingüístico multigranular.

A group decision problem is set in environments where there is a common issue to solve, a set of options possible to choose, and a set of individuals who are experts who express their opinions on the set of possible alternatives and that intend to reach a collective decision as the unique solution of the problem in question. Decision problems are divided into two large groups: those based on preferences and those based on similarity. The modeling of the preferences of the decision-maker is an essential stage in the construction of models used in the theory of decision, operations research, economics, etc. One of the aspects to take into account when modeling the preferences is the problem of rationality, which can be based on binary relations or functions of choice. On the problems of decision experts use models of representation of preferences that are close to their disciplines or fields of work. We have defined different mechanisms allowing to transform the preferences of experts in formal representations that support mathematical, rational and consistent treatment of such information. The structures of information most commonly used for the representation of the preferences of experts are vectors of utility, orders of preference and preference relations. In decision problems, expression of preferences domain is the domain of information used by the experts to express their preferences, the main are numerical, linguistic, and intervalar stressing the multigranular linguistic.

Palabras Clave/Keywords

Palabras Clave / Keywords

Modelado de preferencias, Modelos de decisión, Vectores de utilidad, Órdenes de preferencia, Relaciones de preferencia, Dominios de expresión.

Preference modeling, Decision models, Utility vector, Orders of preference, Preference relations, Expression domains.

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Cómo citar/How to cite

Cómo citar / How to cite

La Red-Martínez, D.L., y Acosta, J.C. (2015). Revisión del Modelado de Preferencias Para los Modelos de Decisión. Campus Virtuales, Vol. IV, Num. 2, pp. 30-41. Consultado el [dd/mm/aaaa] en www.revistacampusvirtuales.es